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What is VAR, what are the rules, and how is it being used at World Cup 2018 in Russia?
VAR guide: how will the video referee work in Russia?

#39;What is VAR - and what does it stand for?
The Video Assistant Referee system, known as VAR, is football #39;s first use of video technology to reach more correct decisions. The system was trialled in the FA and Carabao Cups last season, as well as the German and Italian leagues

What are the rules of VAR being used?

VAR only intervenes in the course of a match when the officials have made a #39;clear and obvious error #39; in one of four key areas.

Goals

A close offside decision is the most common reason for VAR being consulted after a goal has been scored, but shirt-pulling and other infringements can cause goals to be chalked off.

World Cup VAR 2018
The Var room at the official World Cup broadcast center CREDIT: GETTY IMAGES
NB. The concept of #39;clear and obvious #39; errors does not apply to offsides. A player is either onside or offside - you cannot be a little bit pregnant. So even if a player is offside by a matter of inches, the goal will be ruled out.

Penalties

The most subjective and arguably problematic area. Penalties can be awarded or rescinded using VAR if there has been a #39;clear and obvious error #39; in the original decision.

Straight red cards

Violent conduct and dangerous tackles can be penalised using VAR. Second-yellow cards cannot.

Mistaken identity

If the referee sends off the wrong player, such as the famous incident with Kieran Gibbs and Alex Oxlade-Chamberlain in Arsenal #39;s 6-0 drubbing at Chelsea in 2014, that injustice can be repaired.

The system is restricted to these areas in order to minimise disruption to the flow of the game.